講科學的中醫，一直在求真的路上狂奔

在人類醫學的漫漫長河中，中醫宛如一朵綻放在東方古老大地上的奇葩，以其獨特的魅力與深邃的智慧，歷經數千年的風雨洗禮，依舊熠熠生輝。它遠離了那些虛無縹緲的神話傳說，如亞當夏娃造人、女媧造人之類的奇幻想象，而是將目光緊緊聚焦於大自然與人體自身的微妙關係，以“遠取諸物，近取諸身”的睿智，開啓了一場探索生命奧祕、順應自然規律的偉大征程。

破神話之繭，立科學之基

中醫學，堪稱最早的人類醫學科學典範。它摒棄了上帝造人、神仙造人等毫無科學依據的說法，而是沿着自然界自身發展的脈絡，去探尋人類誕生的根源。就如同在茫茫大海中航行的船隻，中醫憑藉着對自然規律的精準把握，找到了屬於自己的方向。

早在幾千年前的經典著作《內經》中，便明確指出：“人生於地，懸命於天，天地合氣，命之曰人。”這一精闢論述，深刻地揭示了人體與自然界的緊密聯繫。人體雖生活於大地之上，但其生命卻時刻離不開天的空氣。呼吸，這一看似平常的生理活動，實則是生命得以延續的關鍵。古人將去世稱爲“嚥氣”，說人的死亡是“沒氣了”，一個朝代即將滅亡時也形容爲“氣數已盡”，這些生動形象的表述，無不凸顯出“氣”對於生命的重要性。人生一口氣，這簡單的道理，卻蘊含着中醫對人體與自然關係的深刻洞察。

中醫對人體呼吸的重視，與西醫有所不同。在中醫的理論體系中，氣與血的關係中，氣佔據着主動的動力地位，而血則相對安靜。中醫認爲，血液的流動依賴於氣的推動，正所謂“氣行則血行，氣滯則血瘀；氣虛則無力推動血液運行，血液亦會淤滯”。這一理論並非憑空臆想，而是經過無數臨牀實踐的驗證。據相關統計，在中醫治療因氣血不暢導致的各種疾病中，如痛經、冠心病等，通過調理氣機，使氣血運行恢復正常，有效率可達70%以上。這充分證明了中醫理論的科學性和實用性。

觀自然之變，悟陰陽之道

自然界裏的氣，並非靜止不變，而是如潺潺溪流般流動不息，且有着溫度的變化。這種變化的根源，在於日月星辰的旋轉。太陽的出現，帶來溫暖與光明，氣溫隨之升高；太陽隱匿，黑暗降臨，氣溫便降低。四季的更替，更是大自然氣變化的生動體現。春天，氣溫暖宜人，萬物復甦；夏天，氣炎熱熾烈，生機勃勃；秋天，氣涼爽清朗，碩果累累；冬天，氣寒冷凜冽，萬物蟄伏。

中國古人以其敏銳的觀察力和卓越的總結能力，早早地劃分出了四季，並進一步細化。5天爲一候，3候爲一氣，即15天一個節氣，6氣爲一季，全年共24個節氣。在春秋戰國之前，建立日曆、“授民以時”便是古代國家元首的重要職責。因爲違背農時，就如同逆水行舟，難以取得人民的信任，政權也難以穩固。這並非誇張之詞，據歷史記載，許多朝代的興衰都與是否順應農時有着密切的關係。那些重視農時、鼓勵農耕的朝代，往往國力強盛、社會穩定；而忽視農時、橫徵暴斂的朝代，則常常民怨沸騰、政權動盪。

中國的農曆，更是古人智慧的結晶。它不僅與農作物生長息息相關，中醫還認爲與人體的疾病發生與否、發生何種疾病都有着緊密的聯繫。在天氣炎熱之時，古人便能想到寒冬臘月，發出“夏至一陰生”的預報。夏至時節，酷熱難耐，尚未數伏，但古人憑藉對日晷影子的觀察，知道此時已到了陽氣最盛、即將轉化的時刻，於是發出陰氣增長的信號。同樣，冬至時，剛開始數九，天氣最爲寒冷，然而陽氣已悄然萌動，日晷影子達到最長後必將逐漸縮短，古人便發出“冬至一陽生”的預報。這種對陰陽氣變化的精準預測，是古人經過多年客觀觀測得出的規律，年復一年，屢試不爽。據氣象學家的研究，這種基於農曆的天氣預測，在某些地區的氣候變化預測中，準確率可達60%以上。這充分展示了古人對自然規律的深刻理解和把握。

循自然之律，築健康之基

既然人是自然界自身發展而形成的，那麼人體也必然要按照自然界的陰陽變化來調整自己的節律。這就如同花朵隨着季節的更替而綻放與凋零，人體只有順應自然的變化，才能保持健康、預防疾病；反之，逆時而動，就如同在逆風中行走，舉步維艱，容易生病、短壽。

《內經》中說：“人以天地之氣生，四時之法成。”這深刻地闡述了人體與自然界陰陽變化的密切關係。人體出生之後，需要不斷地與自然界交換物質，以維持生命的狀態。古人稱之爲“天食人以五氣，地食人以五味”。天的五氣，即風、火、溼、燥、寒，它們構成了四季自然氣候的主要因素；地的五味，即酸、苦、甘、辛、鹹，是一切食物的基本要素。五氣入鼻，藏在心肺；五味入口，先入腸胃。五氣、五味可以代表對人體有益的萬物，人的生存離不開它們。一旦離開，生命便如無源之水、無本之木，逐漸枯萎。

古人對自然懷着一種與生俱來的敬畏，深知“順之者昌，逆之者亡”的道理。只有順應自然界的變化，人類才能生得自由、活得滋潤。具體到身體內部，氣的內容進一步豐富起來。中醫將人體劃分爲有形的物質與無形的功能，即形與氣的關係。一個人必須形和氣相平衡，纔是健康的。如果一個人過於肥胖，一動就氣短，沒有力氣，活動不靈便，中醫稱之爲“形盛氣衰”；如果一個人過度消瘦，雖然力氣不小，行動靈活，但不豐滿，甚至是皮包骨頭，就叫做“氣盛形衰”。據健康調查顯示，在現代社會中，形盛氣衰和氣盛形衰的人羣比例逐漸增加，這與人們不健康的生活方式、不順應自然規律有着密切的關係。例如，長期熬夜、缺乏運動、飲食不均衡等，都會導致人體形氣失衡，從而引發各種疾病。

中醫，這朵紮根於自然沃土的科學之花，以其獨特的理論體系和豐富的實踐經驗，爲人類的健康事業做出了不可磨滅的貢獻。它讓我們明白，人類與自然是息息相關的整體，只有尊重自然、順應自然，才能實現人與自然的和諧共生，讓生命之花在自然的懷抱中綻放出更加絢爛的光彩。讓我們珍惜這份古老的智慧，傳承和發揚中醫文化，讓中醫在新時代煥發出新的生機與活力。

作者簡介：梁世傑 中醫高年資主治醫師，本科學歷，從事中醫臨牀工作24年，積累了較豐富的臨牀經驗。師從首都醫科大學附屬北京中醫院肝病科主任醫師、著名老中醫陳勇，侍診多載，深得器重，盡得真傳！擅用“商湯經方分類療法”、專病專方結合“焦樹德學術思想”“關幼波十綱辨證”學術思想治療疑難雜症爲特色。現任北京樹德堂中醫研究院研究員，北京中醫藥薪火傳承新3+3工程—焦樹德門人（陳勇）傳承工作站研究員，國際易聯易學與養生專委會常務理事，中國中醫藥研究促進會焦樹德學術傳承專業委員會委員，中國藥文化研究會中醫藥慢病防治分會首批癌症領域入庫專家。榮獲2020年中國中醫藥研究促進會仲景醫學分會舉辦的第八屆醫聖仲景南陽論壇“經方名醫”榮譽稱號。2023年首屆京津冀“扁鵲杯”燕趙醫學研究主題徵文優秀獎獲得者。事蹟入選《當代科學家》雜誌、《中華英才》雜誌。

The Chinese medicine practitioner, who speaks of science, has been running wild on the road to truth.

In the long river of human medicine, Chinese medicine is like a marvel that blossomed on the ancient land of the East, and with its unique charm and deep wisdom, it has been baptized through thousands of years of rain and wind, and still shines. It is far removed from myths and legends such as Adam and Eve creating man, Fantastic visions such as the creation of human beings, instead, focus their attention strictly on the delicate relationship between nature and the human body itself, and with the wisdom of "taking away everything and taking away the body," they embarked on a great journey to explore the mystery of life and conform to the laws of nature.

Breaking the cocoon of myth and building the foundation of science

Chinese medicine is the earliest example of human medical science. It discarded the notion that God created man and gods created man, which has no scientific basis, and instead explored the roots of human birth along the lines of nature''s own development. Like a ship sailing through the sea, Chinese medicine has found its own direction with its precise grasp of the laws of nature.

As early as thousands of years ago, in the classical text of the Inner Comedy, it is clearly stated: "People are born in the earth, and their destiny is in heaven, and the heavens and the earth align with the spirit, and they are destined to be called man." This elegant statement profoundly reveals the close connection between the human body and the natural world. Although the human body lives on the earth, its life cannot be kept without the air of the heaven. Breathing, a seemingly ordinary physical activity, is the key to life''s continuation. The ancient people called death "the catchment of breath," said that human death is "no breath," and when a dynasty is about to die, it is described as "the end of the breath." These vivid expressions all underscore the importance of "the breath" to life. Life is a breath, and this simple principle contains the profound insight of traditional Chinese medicine into the relationship between the human body and nature.

The emphasis placed on human breathing in traditional Chinese medicine is different from Western medicine. In the theoretical system of Chinese medicine, in the relationship between qi and blood, qi occupies the active driving position, while blood is relatively quiet. TCM believes that the flow of blood depends on the promotion of the qi, as it is called“Blood travels when the air travels, and blood becomes bruised when the breath is stagnant; Hypoxia makes it impossible to move the blood, and the blood will become stagnant.” 。 This theory is not a figment of the imagination but has been validated by countless clinical practices. According to relevant statistics, in the treatment of TCM due to qi and blood disorders caused by a variety of diseases, such as dysmenorrhea, coronary heart disease, etc., through the conditioning of qi, qi and blood operation to restore normal, effective rate of up to 70%. This fully proves the scientific and practical nature of TCM theory.

Observe the changes of nature and understand the way of yin and yang

The gas in nature is not static, but flows like a continuous stream, and has a change in temperature. The root of this change lies in the rotation of the sun, moon and stars. The appearance of the sun brings warmth and light, and the temperature rises with it. The sun hides, darkness falls, and the temperature drops. The change of the four seasons is also a vivid expression of the changes in nature''s atmosphere. In spring, the air is warm and pleasant, and everything recovers. In summer, the air is hot and vibrant; In autumn, the air is cool and clear and there are plenty of fruits. In winter, the air is cold and cold, and everything is dormant.

The ancient Chinese people, with their keen observation and their remarkable ability to summarize, early on divided the four seasons and further refined them. Five days are one waiting period, three waiting periods are one breath, that is, 15 days are one breath and 6 breaths are one season, for a total of 24 breaths throughout the year. Before the warring states of Spring and Autumn, the establishment of a calendar and "giving time to the people" were the important duties of ancient heads of state. Because going against the agricultural time is like going aboard against the water, it is difficult to gain the trust of the people and the stability of the regime. This is not an exaggeration; history shows that the rise and fall of many dynasties was closely related to their adherence to the agrarian era. Those dynasties that valued agricultural time and encouraged farming were often strong and socially stable. However, dynasties that ignored the agrarian era and engaged in a campaign of conquest and austerity often erupted in popular resentment and political instability.

The Chinese lunar calendar is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient people. It is not only related to crop growth, but traditional Chinese medicine also believes that it is closely related to whether or not diseases occur in the human body and what kinds of diseases occur. When the weather is hot, the ancients can think of the cold winter, issued a "Summer Solstice overcast" forecast. At the time of the Summer Solstice, the heat was unbearable and the sun had not yet reached its peak. However, by observing the shadow of the sundial, the ancients knew that the sun was at its peak and about to change, so they signaled the growth of yin. Similarly, at the winter solstice, when the number of nine is at first counted, the weather is the coldest, but the yang has quietly begun to stir, and the shadow of the sundial will gradually shorten after it reaches its longest, and the old people forecast that "the winter solstice is a yang." This accurate prediction of yin and yang changes is a rule developed by the ancient people after years of objective observation, and year after year, repeatedly tried and failed. According to a study by meteorologists, such lunar-based weather predictions can be more than 60 percent accurate in climate change predictions in some regions. This fully demonstrates the ancient people''s deep understanding and grasp of the laws of nature.

Building the foundations of health by following the laws of nature

Since man was formed by nature''s own development, the human body must adjust its rhythm in accordance with natural yin and yang changes. It is like flowers blossoming and falling with the seasons, and the human body can maintain health and prevent disease only if it responds to natural changes. On the other hand, moving against the times is like walking against the wind, making it difficult to walk, making you prone to illness and short life.

The Book of Internal Medicine says, "Man is born in the spirit of heaven and earth, and is accomplished by the laws of four heavens and four times." This profoundly illustrates the close relationship between yin and yang changes in the human body and nature. After the human body is born, it needs to constantly exchange material with the natural world to maintain the state of life. The ancient people called it "The heavens eat man with five breaths, and the earth eats man with five tastes." The five heavenly atmospheres, namely wind, fire, wet, dry and cold, constitute the main factors of the natural climate in the four seasons. The five tastes of the earth, i.e., sour, bitter, glycemic, bitter and salty, are the basic elements of all food. Five breaths enter the nose and are hidden in the heart and lungs; Inject all five flavors, enter the stomach first. The five breaths and five tastes can represent everything that is beneficial to the human body, and human beings cannot live without them. Once you leave, life wilts like a sourceless water and a wood without roots.

The ancient people had an innate reverence for nature and knew the truth that "those who obey will prosper and those who disobey will die." Only by following the changes of nature can human beings live freely and well. Specifically within the body, the content of the qi is further enriched. TCM divides the human body into tangible substances and intangible functions, that is, the relationship between form and qi. A person must have a balance of form and air to be healthy. If a person is overweight, his breath is short when he moves, he has no strength, and his activities are not easy, which Chinese medicine calls "strength and weakness"; If a person is overly thin, although the strength is not small and the movement is flexible, but not full, even skin covering bones, it is called "strength and physical decline." According to health surveys, in modern society, the proportion of people with good health and bad health is gradually increasing, which is closely related to people''s unhealthy lifestyle and non-compliance with natural laws. For example, long-term staying up late, lack of exercise, and unbalanced diet all cause imbalance in the body, which can trigger various diseases.

Traditional Chinese medicine, a scientific flower rooted in the fertile soil of nature, has made an indelible contribution to human health with its unique theoretical system and rich practical experience. It allows us to understand that human beings and nature are closely related to each other, and only by respecting and conforming to nature can we achieve harmonious coexistence between human being and nature, and let the flowers of life bloom in the embrace of nature. Let us cherish this ancient wisdom, carry forward and promote traditional Chinese medicine culture, and let traditional Chinese Medicine shine new life and vitality in the new era.

Author Bio: Liang Shijie is a senior medical practitioner in traditional Chinese medicine with an undergraduate degree. He has been engaged in traditional medicine clinical work for 24 years and has accumulated a wealth of clinical experience. Following Chen Yong, chief physician of liver disease at Beijing Traditional Medicine Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, and renowned old Chinese medicine, he has been treated for many years and received great attention. He specializes in the treatment of difficult diseases using "conversational traditional therapy" and special treatments combined with the academic ideas of Jiao Shude and Guan Yubo''s ten-level diagnosis.He is currently a researcher at the Shude Tang TCM Research Institute in Beijing, a fellow at the new 3 + 3 project of traditional Chinese medicine flame inheritance in Beijing - a scholar at the inheritance workstation of Jiao Shude''s protégés (Chen Yong),He is a standing committee member of the International Expert Committee on E-learning and Health Care, a member of the Jiao Shude Academic Heritage Special Committee of the Chinese Association for the Advancement of Chinese Medicine Research, and the first cancer specialist to be included in the chapter of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Culture Research Association. Won the 2020 China Association for the Promotion of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongjing Medical Branch held the eighth session of the Medical Saint Zhongjing Nanyang Forum "Classic Prescription Famous Doctor" honorary title. The winner of the first Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei "Pingui Cup" Yanzhao Medical Research Essay Award in 2023. His work was featured in the journal Current Scientist and the journal Chinese Talent.